Where your location details come from
Different questions need different maps. Here is what each answer means, where it comes from and what it cannot tell you.
Updated .
Your approximate location
Cloudflare estimates the city, region, country, coordinates and time zone associated with the internet connection reaching this site. The IP address shown is the address of that connection. This may be a VPN exit or a mobile network location. It does not establish where you are standing.
The estimate arrives with the current request when available. Cloudflare’s visitor location documentation describes the supplied fields. Nothing is substituted for a missing city or region.
City, county and ZIP area
US state and county boundaries come from the US Census Bureau. These use 2025 geography; the ZIP areas use 2020 geography. City and town boundaries use the 2025 American Community Survey geography. City search uses a representative point from the 2025 Census Gazetteer.
A representative point is inside the named place. It is not a street address or an entrance. Boundaries are simplified, so small gaps can occur. A nearby ZIP outline is clearly labeled as nearby instead of being presented as an area containing your point.
A Census ZIP Code Tabulation Area groups addresses for statistics. For mail, confirm the delivery ZIP with USPS ZIP Code Lookup. For tax, voting or jury forms, confirm the jurisdiction with the office responsible for the form.
Census geography is public-domain US government data. Updated September 19, 2026; the geographic vintages above remain the dates of the underlying boundaries.
Time zone and local time
Physical time-zone boundaries use timezone-boundary-builder, release 2026c. Local time and UTC offsets use the clock rules installed in your browser. Your device’s own time-zone setting is shown separately where relevant; it may differ from the selected point.
Time-zone geography is adapted from © OpenStreetMap contributors under the Open Database License (ODbL 1.0). The boundaries are simplified and divided into local map areas; the modified geography remains available under that licence. Updated September 19, 2026.
Clock rules can change. Keep your browser and operating system up to date, especially after a government announces a time change.
Ground elevation
When you request elevation, the selected coordinates go to the USGS 3D Elevation Program through its Elevation Point Query Service. It estimates ground height, not the floor you are on or your phone’s altitude.
Missing heights remain unavailable. Small heights keep their sign; feet and meters use the exact conversion of one foot to 0.3048 meters. A fresh query does not make the terrain survey new. The result includes terrain cell size when supplied, which is not a guarantee of height accuracy.
USGS data used here is public domain. Service information updated September 19, 2026. Your device point is sent when you press the elevation button, or when you choose device location on the dedicated elevation page. That page states this before the request. Place profiles also show a precomputed height at their public Census representative point, from the USGS 3DEP terrain service. Updated 2026-09-20. The nominal terrain-cell spacing comes from the USGS product label, and the vertical datum is retained when supplied. Some products use angular spacing in arc-seconds; a raw service resolution is not assumed to be meters.
National parks and named beaches
Park names, official links and representative points come from the National Park Service. Beach names and map reference points come from the USGS Geographic Names Information System. These are public-domain US government sources, updated in this site on September 19, 2026.
Distances are straight lines to representative points, not driving distances or routes to entrances. When a named beach has several reference points, the nearest supplied point is used for both the distance and the destination link. The beach records do not establish public access, opening hours, swimming safety or shore type. Check the responsible park or landowner before traveling.
The world overview map
Land, country and first-level regional outlines, together with city labels, come from Natural Earth. They are generalized for recognition and the country-at-a-point answer. They do not decide county or ZIP boundaries and cannot settle a disputed border. Natural Earth makes this geography available in the public domain. Updated 2026-09-19.
Country names, capitals, areas, currency and language information come from GeoNames, used under CC BY 4.0. Natural Earth supplies country maps. The country list excludes historic entries that do not describe a current country. Updated 2026-09-19.
Place and county maps
The Census Gazetteer supplies official identifiers, representative coordinates and land/water areas. TIGERweb supplies geographic boundaries. The Census records use 2025 geography; ZCTAs use 2020 boundaries.
Relationships describe positive-area overlaps between the source polygons. Boundary simplification can create small gaps or overlaps. Population estimates are not shown without a validated Census estimate and its reference year.
- Census state and county boundaries. Updated 2026-09-19.
- Census Gazetteer: state reference points and areas. Updated 2026-09-19.
- Census state and county boundaries. Updated 2026-09-19.
- Census Gazetteer: county reference points and areas. Updated 2026-09-19.
- Census city and community boundaries. Updated 2026-09-19.
- Census Gazetteer: place reference points and areas. Updated 2026-09-19.
- Census city and community boundaries. Updated 2026-09-19.
- Census ZIP area boundaries. Updated 2026-09-19.
- Census Gazetteer: geographic area reference points and areas. Updated 2026-09-19.
County population and government websites
Resident population is the July 1, 2025 estimate from the Census Population Estimates Program. It describes people living in the county, not daytime visitors or the size of a city. These are population estimates, not ACS survey estimates; ACS margins of error do not apply to this series. Island areas outside this file have no population figure added. Updated 2026-09-19.
County website links use exact organization-and-state matches in CISA’s public government-domain list. Ambiguous matches are left out. Updated 2026-09-19.
County seats
County-seat names come from Wikidata’s capital statements, joined to Census counties by their FIPS codes. The structured data is available under CC0. Multiple current seats are preserved. Statements with an end date or deprecated rank are excluded; a place that later became the seat again needs a separate current statement. An explicit no-seat statement is different from a missing record; missing names are held and displayed as unconfirmed. Official exceptions explain combined governments and county equivalents. A government office or contact address is labelled as such, rather than treated as proof of a formal county seat. Independent cities are explained using the Census definition of county equivalents. Updated 2026-09-27.
New York City’s borough and county geography identifies all five boroughs and their corresponding counties. Updated 2026-09-27.
- Official county seat or government explanation
- Official county seat or government explanation
- Official county seat or government explanation
- Official county seat or government explanation
- Official county seat or government explanation
- Official county seat or government explanation
- Official county seat or government explanation
- Official county seat or government explanation
Definitions, clock rules and calculations
Coordinate formats, distance circles and midpoints are calculated from the points you enter. Great-circle distances use a spherical Earth and do not include roads or terrain. Elevation profiles connect the heights returned for their displayed sample points; they do not describe unmeasured terrain between samples.
Sunrise and sunset are approximate calculations using NOAA’s published solar equations, at the place’s representative point and on its local calendar date. They assume a level horizon and standard refraction; hills, buildings and weather can change visible sunrise. Polar day or night is shown instead of inventing a time. The calculations update in your browser as the date changes.
- NOAA sunrise and sunset equations. Updated 2026-09-19.
- Census 2025 county resident population estimates. Updated 2026-09-19.
- CISA government-domain registry. Updated 2026-09-19.
- Census geographic definitions. Updated 2026-09-19.
- Census ZIP Code Tabulation Areas. Updated 2026-09-19.
- USPS ZIP Code Lookup. Updated 2026-09-19.
- US Department of Transportation daylight saving time. Updated 2026-09-19.
- Navajo Nation daylight saving notice. Updated 2026-09-19.
- IANA time-zone database. Updated 2026-09-19.
- USGS Elevation Point Query Service. Updated 2026-09-19.
- USGS topographic map service. Updated 2026-09-19.
- Geo URI standard (RFC 5870). Updated 2026-09-19.
- UN geographic code history. Updated 2026-09-19.
Country and time-zone associations
Country profiles use the country-specific identifiers in IANA’s 2026c country table, which is dedicated to the public domain. Its compatibility identifiers match the named boundaries used here. This prevents a small overlap between independently drawn maps from being treated as a country’s clock rule. IANA’s table is a practical clock-selection aid, not a statement about territorial claims. Unmatched country records keep their time-zone assignment unavailable. Updated 2026-09-19.
Townships, school districts and metro areas
These lookups use Census ACS 2025 boundaries. A county subdivision may have a different local name. School boundaries do not establish enrollment, and metro areas are statistical groupings. Congressional, legislative and tribal lookups remain unavailable.
- county subdivisions. Public-domain US Census geography. Updated 2026-09-19.
- school districts. Public-domain US Census geography. Updated 2026-09-19.
- school districts. Public-domain US Census geography. Updated 2026-09-19.
- school districts. Public-domain US Census geography. Updated 2026-09-19.
- school districts. Public-domain US Census geography. Updated 2026-09-19.
- metro areas. Public-domain US Census geography. Updated 2026-09-26.
- metro areas. Public-domain US Census geography. Updated 2026-09-26.
UK counties and local authorities
The county finder also checks the ONS county and unitary-authority boundaries for December 2025. This layer includes counties, unitary authorities and other local-authority equivalents. It does not describe historic or ceremonial counties. Coastal outlines are simplified. Updated 2026-09-27.
Source: Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v.3.0. Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2025. Open Government Licence v3.0.
Plant hardiness by ZIP code
The USDA 2023 map uses the average annual extreme minimum winter temperature for 1991–2020. The hardiness lookup displays the original ZIP classifications supplied by Oregon State University. A ZIP classification cannot settle a particular garden’s microclimate or a plant’s other growing needs.
The datasets are used under the OSU reproduction and redistribution terms. This tool does not create a derived hardiness map. Updated 2026-09-26.
- Original ZIP classifications: US. Updated 2026-09-26.
- Original ZIP classifications: AK. Updated 2026-09-26.
- Original ZIP classifications: HI. Updated 2026-09-26.
- Original ZIP classifications: PR. Updated 2026-09-26.
Coordinate formats and measurement tools
Coordinate representations, bearing angles, horizon distance, antipodes, sampled height changes and radius membership are our arithmetic from entered points and licensed geography. They are guides, not survey measurements.
Magnetic bearings use WMM2025 for the current date and zero height above the WGS84 ellipsoid. They are withheld where the horizontal field falls below 6,000 nanoteslas or the model has expired. Local magnetic interference and storms can change compass readings.
Radius results count Census place and ZIP representative points inside the circle; they do not claim that whole cities or postal delivery areas fit inside it. Profile gain, loss and steepest grade describe only the sampled segments. Shorter hills between samples can be missed. The horizon calculation omits terrain, refraction and obstacles.
- Open Location Code specification and reference implementation. Updated 2026-09-27.
- Proj4js coordinate projection implementation. Updated 2026-09-27.
- Proj4js MGRS implementation. Updated 2026-09-27.
- GeographicLib geohash definition. Updated 2026-09-27.
- NOAA World Magnetic Model 2025. Updated 2026-09-27.
- NOAA magnetic model limitations. Updated 2026-09-27.
- W3C device location specification. Updated 2026-09-27.
- IUGG mean Earth radius. Updated 2026-09-27.
Elevation comparisons
A comparison guide, not elevation bands or a safety rating. Feet are the published units; meters are calculated as feet × 0.3048. The published heights are from USGS’s Death Valley reference. Updated 2026-09-27.
- Badwater Basin: USGS Death Valley reference
- Colorado Capitol mile-high marker, Denver: Colorado General Assembly visitor guide; one mile = 5,280 feet
- Telescope Peak: USGS Death Valley reference
- Mount Whitney: National Park Service visitor reference, checked 2026-09-27
- Denali (Mount McKinley): USGS 2015 summit survey
When you need a more precise answer
Choose device location and inspect its accuracy radius. A radius crossing a boundary means the device fix may not settle which side you are on. Street-address lookup is not available here. Use coordinates for a known point, and confirm consequential details with the responsible authority.
The privacy page explains which requests stay on this site and which choices send a point to an outside service.